Article 1 - The ASEAN Power Grid Opportunity

October 4, 2024

Exploring the Potential of Cross-Border Energy Trading and the ASEAN Power Grid

In the quest for sustainable and cost-effective energy solutions, the concept of an interconnected ASEAN Power Grid has emerged as a promising strategy. This ambitious initiative aims to link the energy networks of various ASEAN countries, facilitating cross-border energy trading and unlocking a multitude of benefits for the region.

 

Strategic Importance of an ASEAN Power Grid

The strategic importance of an ASEAN Power Grid cannot be overstated. By interconnecting the energy infrastructures of nations across Southeast Asia, this grid would enable seamless cross-border energy flows. Such connectivity could bolster energy security, diversify energy sources, and enhance resilience against supply disruptions.

Recently, Malaysia made headlines with its energy sector tender, which, while initially appearing unattractive to investors restricted to only retailers and generators, signifies a critical test bed for market entry. This initiative highlights the early stages of cross-border energy trade developments, underscoring the potential for growth and innovation in the region.

 

Cost Reduction for Net Zero Emissions

Studies suggest that an ASEAN Power Grid could play a pivotal role in reducing costs associated with achieving net-zero emissions. By optimising the utilisation of renewable resources across different time zones and geographic regions, surplus energy could be efficiently distributed, reducing the need for costly backup infrastructure and storage technologies.

 

Promoting Sustainable Energy Development

In Southeast Asia, where energy demand is rapidly growing, sustainable energy development is imperative. The ASEAN Power Grid could accelerate the adoption of renewable energy sources by creating a broader market for clean power. This, in turn, could drive investment in renewable infrastructure and technologies, fostering economic growth while mitigating environmental impacts.

 

Economic and Environmental Benefits

The economic advantages of a robust cross-border energy trading system are substantial. Enhanced market integration would promote competition, leading to lower energy prices and improved efficiency. Moreover, the environmental benefits of reduced carbon emissions and optimised resource utilisation align with global efforts to combat climate change.


VPP Partners believes that the vision of an interconnected ASEAN Power Grid holds tremendous promise for the region. While challenges persist, recent initiatives like the Malaysian tender serve as crucial stepping stones toward realizing this vision. By leveraging cross-border energy trading, Southeast Asia can chart a course toward sustainable energy development, economic prosperity, and environmental stewardship.


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April 10, 2025
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April 10, 2025
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April 10, 2025
Here at VPP Partners we are always thinking about all things energy. The energy transition and all the moving parts are complex and looking for ways to demystify the challenges and help overcome them is one of our key drivers. Recently, VPP Partners's Energy Specialist Lachlan Ryan built a model to answer a question that he had been toying with for some time. The question was along the lines of “There must be a way to create a graph that would show the required spread between charge and discharge for a BESS in the wholesale electricity market for different capital costs to meet a desired financial metric”. It was believed that this would help to demonstrate a few different aspects relating to batteries in the NEM: Understanding Capex Requirements: Enabling the quick identification of the capex ranges required to get reasonable project returns based on expected charge and discharge prices. Highlighting Value Stacking: Highlighting that value stacking with other value streams is likely needed to meet the required financial returns. Value streams and contracting: Understanding your value streams and the potential importance of contracting your assets to firm up revenue. Trading capabilities: The requirement for competent trading capabilities to realise as much value as possible from the market. Key Assumptions The model itself had several assumptions that are highlighted as follow: Target internal rate of return (IRR): 12%, 15%, 18% Round trip efficiency (RTE): 85% (losses applied to charge cycle) Annual degradation rate: 3% Depth of discharge (DoD): 90% Cycles per day: 1.5 Project duration: 15 years Interest rate: 0% (self-funded model) The Challenge of Real-World Charging Prices A critical assumption in this model is that the battery charges at $0/MWh, which means the spread is equal to the discharge price. However, in real-world scenarios, the battery won't always charge at $0/MWh, and due to the round-trip efficiency (RTE), the actual required spread isn’t straightforward. For example: A 1MWh BESS charging at $0/MWh and discharging 0.85MWh (with 85% RTE) at $100/MWh results in a margin of $85/MWh. If the battery charges at $100/MWh and discharges at $200/MWh (maintaining a $100/MWh spread), the margin drops to $70/MWh. To achieve the same $85 margin, you would need to discharge at $217.6/MWh. This led to a redefined the problem: Instead of calculating the required spread, the result was required profit per MWh for all discharged energy. This model created the graph ‘Required Profit vs Cost of BESS’, where the x-axis is the capital cost of the battery system, and the y-axis is the required $/MWh profit required for all the discharged energy.